OPEN LETTER TO Mr.
STEVEN SPIELBERG
Dear Mr. Spielberg,
My name is Nicolás Calzada. I am a first-year graduate film student at New
York University. For as long as I can remember I have been a great admirer
of your work. I believe that film, like all art, is about more than telling
a story. It is about enriching, fulfilling, and inspiring its viewers with
moments of beauty. It is about those rare moments in time when, as viewers,
we are lifted beyond the screen and come to understand something new about
humanity and, ultimately, about ourselves. Such is the calling of every
artist and, for this reason, as a young filmmaker I consider you to be one
of my greatest inspirations. From E.T. to Schindler's List, from Jaws to
Saving Private Ryan, I cannot think of many bodies of work that have brought
us more moments of beauty, more insight into the greater, and sometimes
darker, sides of each one of us.
It is a lamentable human characteristic, however, that we often only express
our feelings when we have something critical to say. I wish now that I had
written you earlier to tell you how much your life and your work has meant
to me and not only now, when for the first time in my life, you have greatly
disappointed me. Please bear in mind as you read this letter that it comes
from someone who has nothing but the highest regard for your work both as a
filmmaker and as a humanitarian.
In fact, I only write to you today because, as the man who brought us
Schindler's List and initiated the video history project which records
testimonials of Holocaust victims, I have always considered you an eloquent
opponent of tyranny, oppression, and the suffocating bonds of hatred. I
also believe that you understand the importance of history, of ensuring that
the truth about atrocities committed by governments be preserved for all to
know and learn from. It is for these reasons that I cannot understand the
events surrounding your recent trip to Cuba.
First of all, I applaud your desire to visit Cuba and speak with young
filmmakers at the Cuban Institute of Cinematographic Arts and Industry. I
also respect your call to end the American embargo on Cuba. There is a wide
range of opinion on the issue and I respect people's stances no matter where
on the spectrum they fall. I am astonished, however, at your failure to
realize that by wining and dining deep into the night with Fidel Castro (as
so many celebrities have) and by letting your visit end without a single
critical remark or question (except those directed at American policy), you
have helped bring legitimacy and positive press to a tyrant whose 43-year
rule has seen many of the same atrocities so powerfully depicted in your
Schindler's List.
I am quite certain that in your lively discussion of history, Mr. Castro
failed to mention a few things. A compelling parallel could have been
drawn, for instance, between Oscar Schindler's bold moves in opposition to
his government and the myriad of dissidents in Cuba today who live in fear
or suffer in prison because of their stance against Castro's rule. Did you
know that a mere two days before your visit, Oscar Elías Biscet finished
serving his three-year prison sentence for hanging a Cuban flag upside down
in protest of his government? Did you know that mere weeks before your
visit, Oswaldo Payá was awarded the prestigious Sakharov Prize by the
European Union or that Mr. Payá is considered by many to be the frontrunner
for the 2003 Nobel Peace Prize? Perhaps Castro forgot to mention him. Like
Oscar Schindler, Mr. Payá gained fame for making a list of his own.
According to the constitution imposed on the Cuban people by Fidel Castro, a
petition signed by 10,000 Cuban citizens is required to call a special
election that could change power. Seeing a loophole through which he could
use the system to non-violently oppose the system, Mr. Payá risked his life
and endured constant surveillance, beatings, and the threat of imprisonment
to gather 11,000 signatures. Would it have been so difficult Mr. Spielberg
to match your plea to end the embargo with a plea to Fidel Castro to honor
the constitutionally legal petition organized by Oswaldo Payá?
The historical parallels do not end there. It is evident in your work that
the famed book-burnings of the Nazis horrified you and captured your
imagination. Perhaps those images will come to mind when you hear the story
of Cuban psychologist Ramón Humberto Colas and his wife Berta Mexidor. They
gave birth to the first independent library in Cuba, designating their 800
books as free to borrow for any friends and neighbors who wanted to read
them. Since many of these books posed a threat to the ideology of Castro's
rule, the couple was evicted from their home, denounced by the (state-run)
press, and fired from their jobs. Their daughter was expelled from school
and both parents suffered repeated arrest. Their books were all
confiscated. Surely, Mr. Castro boasted about Cuba's nearly perfect
literacy rate. Did you think to ask him what good the power of literacy
serves if one cannot use it as one sees fit?
I still recall seeing the powerful image of the star Jewish people were
forced to wear on their arms the first time I saw Schindler's List. How
horrific, I thought, that an entire group of people could be branded like
that and subject to brutal treatment simply because of the religion to which
they belonged. I am amazed that a filmmaker with your empathic imagination
could not see a similar phenomenon occurring before your very eyes in Cuba.
You did not realize that by sleeping where you slept and eating where you
ate, you were contributing to a methodical system of apartheid that has been
in place in Cuba for decades now. It is not an apartheid of race or
religion. Instead, the dividing line here is between tourists and Cuban
nationals. Had you done any research prior to your trip to Cuba, it may
have occurred to you to ask the concierge at your hotel if you could rent
out another room for a friend of yours. Before he could finish uttering "of
course," you would have mentioned that your friend is a Cuban citizen. You
would have watched the expression on his face change, a slight tinge of
embarrassment arise as he explains to you that Cuban citizens are not
allowed in Cuban hotels or beaches. Perhaps you noticed that the grocery
store full of food you entered to buy a snack only accepted dollars. Did
you think to ask, "Aren't Cuban citizens paid in pesos?"
The parallels go on and on Mr. Spielberg. Castro may not be responsible for
the deaths of more than six million people, but I should not have to remind
you of the over 17,000 men, women, and children, who have perished in the
Florida Straits, so desperate with their lives in Cuba they were willing to
try and float 90 miles on a flat tire. Nor should I have to remind you of
the thousands of people who have suffered decades of imprisonment or have
been executed for their stance against the government, including almost all
of the true leaders of the revolution. Again, I am disappointed that you
did not think to ask Mr. Castro what was meant by the word paredón, chanted
so often throughout his 43-year rule. It means "the wall" and it is what
Castro spurs his own people to chant before "counterrevolutionaries" are
tied to a wall and shot in front of all. You can search any extensive
collection of archives and you will see some of that footage for yourself.
I know many Cubans who could not stomach watching the executions in
Schindler's List because it was a far-too-vivid reminder of what they had
seen with their own eyes in Cuba.
Not even concentration camps have been absent from the Cuban landscape in
the last 43 years. You said during your visit that a great movie should be
made about Cuba. One already has been. If you haven't already seen it, I
recommend Julian Schnabel's Before Night Falls. For its brilliance and
beauty, it took the Venice Film Festival by storm just a couple of years
ago. In it, you get a sense of how homosexuals have been treated throughout
Castro's rule and you come to understand what "Mira Flor" and "The Isle of
Youth" have meant in Cuba. Prettier names than "Auschwitz" perhaps, but the
horrors committed in them cannot be masked by any name. After seeing the
film, it will not be difficult to understand why organizations like Amnesty
International and the United Nations have condemned Castro's abuse of human
rights year after year.
I love Schnabel's film for another reason. It is a poetic reflection on the
fact that beauty and art are what stand most at odds with tyranny and
hatred. It is a film about the capacity of beauty to thrive even in the
most horrific of circumstances. It is a film I could have seen you making.
Given all that I have said, I hope you can understand why it was one of the
biggest disappointments of my life to see you validate a tyrant as you did.
Countless celebrities have flocked to Cuba and recounted long nights spent
talking with the "charming" and "cultured" Fidel Castro until the dawn's
early light. It always upset me (Hitler could be this charming - remember
the home footage of him playing with children? - would they want to spend
their nights talking to him?), but never enough to write one of them and
tell them so. It was enough for me that the world's leaders and
intellectuals had finally come to realize the horror of his rule - let the
celebrities do as they please. I have much more respect for you, however.
As I said, I think you are as gifted an artist and giving a humanitarian as
there is. For that reason, I expected you on this trip to be the eloquent
enemy of tyranny that you have always been, but instead you insulted the
memory of the people you have portrayed and those of all the Cuban people
who have died at the hands of Fidel Castro. I still hold you in extremely
high esteem, however. And I am confident that if you look into any of the
arguments mentioned above, you will come to realize for yourself the amount
of suffering that has come out of Castro's rule.
Nick Calzada